A QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON XENOPHOBIA BASED ON CHANGING CONDITIONS IN TWO MEASUREMENTS CARRIED OUT IN 2020 AND 2022

Abstract

Ethnocentrism is a complex concept that includes the words fear, anxiety, and worry. Xenophobia exists in social life with behaviors such as prejudice, exclusion, and marginalization. One out of every seven people in the world today is an immigrant and had to leave the lands where she/he was born and raised for various reasons. This is why this research is important. The aim of the research is to reveal the change in the level of Xenophobia(Ethnocentrism) depending on the social and economic conditions experienced in Turkey between 2020 and 2022. At the same time another aim of this research is to reveal which variables are affected by Ethnocentrism (Xenophobia). The study was designed in a quantitative design. The Xenophobia Scale (XNO) was used as a data collection tool in the study. The research data were collected with the random sampling method and the web survey technique. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 25 Program.  The significance level of the study was accepted as p<0.05. Variables with two categories of research data were analyzed with a t-test and variables with more than two categories were analyzed with an ANOVA test. As a result of the research, it was found that Ethnocentrism (Xenophobia) scores increased in two different measurements in 2020 and 2022, depending on the social and economic changes Turkey experienced. Increasing political instability in neighboring countries causes irregular migration. It is suggested that social policies should be established for asylum seekers under temporary protection against xenophobia in Turkey.